2014高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導
英文作文開(kāi)頭句型6大寫(xiě)法
1)對立法：先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,適用于有爭議性的主題.
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
2)現象法：引出要剖析的現象或者問(wèn)題,然后評論.
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
3)觀(guān)點(diǎn)法：開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,直接了當地提出自己對要討論的問(wèn)題的看法.
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
4)引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,來(lái)引出文章要展開(kāi)論述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
5)比較法：通過(guò)對過(guò)去、現在兩種不同的傾向、觀(guān)點(diǎn)的比較,引出文章要討論的觀(guān)點(diǎn).
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.
6)故事法：先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題.少用!
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
一般來(lái)講考官們看文章也必然要通過(guò)這些關(guān)鍵性的“標簽”來(lái)判定你的文章是否結構清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡(jiǎn)單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。
1)first,second,third……首先，第二，第三…..
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally首先，第二，第三，最后
3)to begin wITh,then,further more,finally首先，然后，其次，最后
4)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally首先，然后，其次，最后
5)firs to fall,besides,last but not least首先，其次，最后
6)most important of all,more over,finally最重要的，其次，最后
7)on the one hand,on the other hand(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面，另一方面
8)for one thing,for an other(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面，另一方面
短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則
寫(xiě)作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語(yǔ)，有兩個(gè)好處：
其一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì )使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單,必然會(huì )看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語(yǔ)，那么你的文章定會(huì )得高分了。
其二、湊字數，用短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)辦法!
比如：I can not bear it.我無(wú)法忍受它了�？梢杂枚陶Z(yǔ)表達：Ican not put up with it.我無(wú)法忍受它了。I want it.我想要它。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達：I am looking forward to it.我想要它。
It’s important.這個(gè)很重要。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達:It’s of great importance.這個(gè)很重要。
過(guò)渡語(yǔ)原則
并列用語(yǔ)：
aswellas也
not only…but (also)不僅……還
including,包括
對比用語(yǔ)：
on one hand一方面
on the other hand另一方面
on the contrary相反的
though盡管
for one thing一方面
for another另一方面
never theles然而
在英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達時(shí)，每次寫(xiě)作前問(wèn)自己四個(gè)問(wèn)題：這篇文章的體裁格式是怎樣的?主體時(shí)態(tài)用什么時(shí)態(tài)?人稱(chēng)用第幾人稱(chēng)?可以分幾段，之間用什么過(guò)渡詞、連接詞?帶著(zhù)這四個(gè)問(wèn)題去審題，搞清楚文章的主要內容，然后列出提綱。最后利用自己有把握的英語(yǔ)句子豐富自己的提綱就可以了。
(1)條理性。指的是合理布局文章結構。首先，在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。其次，根據需要，安排好段落，各段之間要層次分明，也要重視每一段的開(kāi)頭和結尾，開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)往往是總起句，結尾語(yǔ)往往是總結句。
(2)準確性。指要求寫(xiě)出語(yǔ)法正確的句子，包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、用詞和句法等，要準確、地道地表達。必須要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或習慣表達，避免中式英語(yǔ)，在實(shí)踐中不斷總結中英用法的差異，養成用英語(yǔ)思維寫(xiě)作的習慣。高考英語(yǔ)作文素材。
(3)流暢性。指根據整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的連接手段，清晰段落，使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。
(4)簡(jiǎn)潔多樣性。簡(jiǎn)潔性就是語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔，不重復。多樣性就是能隨情景內容的變化寫(xiě)出句式多樣的語(yǔ)句。這也是新課程標準對寫(xiě)作的評價(jià)標準。
(5)思想性。新標準對寫(xiě)作的要求，增加了情感因素，在準確流暢表達寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)的同時(shí)，適當增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章讀起來(lái)更親切，完全達到與讀者進(jìn)行交流的目的。
(6)美觀(guān)性。指的是卷面書(shū)寫(xiě)規范、清楚、干凈、整潔。在高考書(shū)面表達中，書(shū)面整潔是也是一個(gè)主觀(guān)評分標準，所以在高考中保持書(shū)面整潔是必要的。
總結：那么在高考作文中，除了自己的一些英語(yǔ)知識的鞏固還需要的是自己的情緒和思維。寫(xiě)作期間保持穩定的情緒，按照自己的思維完成寫(xiě)作，從總結文章中—布置文章結構—使用表達的語(yǔ)句—下筆連貫。最后當然是要檢查是否出現拼錯字，句子語(yǔ)法有誤等。
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